US companies had an average turnover rate of 22%. throughout the survey period regarding total separations, which is the combined number of voluntary separations, involuntary separations, and retirement-based separations. The retail and wholesale industry saw the highest average voluntary turnover rate. The US employee turnover trends by region. Casino Hotels in the US industry trends (2015-2020) Casino Hotels in the US industry outlook (2020-2025) poll Average industry growth 2020-2025: x.x lock Purchase this report or a membership to unlock the average company profit margin for this industry.
This page explains terms used in the annual statistics on the four main types of gambling - TAB racing and sports betting, NZ Lotteries games, gaming machines (outside casinos), and casino gambling.
- Turnover
- Expenditure and Gross Profit
- Financial year-end
- New Zealand Racing Board (TAB)
- New Zealand Lotteries Commission
- Gaming machine
- Casino
- Totals
Turnover
Turnover is the total (gross) amount wagered by gamblers.This figure is published by the New Zealand Lotteries Commission and by the New Zealand Racing Board for TAB betting. It includes a ‘churn' factor, or re-investment, where the same dollar is counted more than once. This is particularly relevant for rapid re-investment forms of gaming like gaming machines or race betting.
For example, if a player has $20 to spend on a gaming machine and plays until the full $20 is lost, it is likely that this $20 will be recorded on the machine's meters as $120 or more of turnover (gross amount wagered).
Turnover is not an indicator of the amount spent by players or of the profit of the operator.
Expenditure and Gross Profit
Expenditure and Gross Profit are interchangeable terms that mean gross amount wagered minus the amount paid out or credited as prizes or dividends.Expenditure is the amount lost or spent by players or the gross profit of the gaming operator. In the above example, the gross profit calculated by the machine meters will be $20.
Financial year-end
Financial year-end: Most gambling operators have a balance date of 30 June.Where the balance date differs (e.g. New Zealand Racing Board at 31 July) the figures shown are as at the balance date.
New Zealand Racing Board (TAB)
New Zealand Racing Board (TAB)data includes the introduction of new TAB products, including sports betting from 1996 and fixed odds racing betting from 1997. Previously it was ‘totalisator' racing betting only. Data for 1996 onwards are therefore not strictly comparable with previous years.New Zealand Lotteries Commission
Gambling Turnover
New Zealand Lotteries Commission figures for 1989 are for 15 months, as its financial year-end changed from 31 March to 30 June.Gaming machine
Gaming machine data from 2008 onwards is collected by, and available from, the Department's Electronic Monitoring System (EMS).In previous years, figures were estimated using aggregate gaming duty figures and information collected by the Department.
Gaming machine turnover was calculated by applying a percentage return to players to the expenditure estimate:
- 83% from 1989–1991
- 85% from 1992–1996; and
- 88% from 1997–2007 inclusive, resulting in turnover or gross amount wagered for
- 1991: $632m;
- 1992: $732m;
- 1993: $815m;
- 1994: $965m;
- 1995: $1,138m;
- 1996: $1,313m;
- 1997: $1,913m;
- 1998: $2,400m;
- 1999: $3,000m;
- 2000: $3,747m;
- 2001: $4,978m;
- 2002: $6,478m;
- 2003: $7,845m;
- 2004: $8,625m;
- 2005: $8,558m;
- 2006: $7,546m; and
- 2007: $7,921m.
Casino
Casino data is estimated using aggregate gaming duty figures and/or information collected by the Department.The gross amount wagered at casinos is estimated for –
- 1995: $313m;
- 1996: $914m;
- 1997: $1,883m;
- 1998: $1,914m;
- 1999: $2,297m;
- 2000: $2,858m;
- 2001: $3,075m;
- 2002: $3,417m;
- 2003: $3,805m;
- 2004: $4,033m;
- 2005: $3,936m;
- 2006: $4,104m;
- 2007: $3,912m;
- 2008: $3,974m;
- 2009: $3,879m;
- 2010: $3,783m;
- 2011: $3,929m; and
- 2012: $4,244.
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The report was complied by the Düsseldorf Institute for Competition Economics (DICE) for which Haucap serves as a director.
It was commissioned by operator associations the Deutscher Sportwettenverband (DSWV) and the Deutscher Online Casinoverband (DOCV), is in response to recommendations from a working group made up of the State Finance Ministries of Hesse, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Bayern and Berlin.
This working group, proposed an 8% tax on online slot turnover, as well as a 5.3% tax on poker stakes.
While Germany's Fourth State Treaty on Gambling, the Glücksspielneuregulierungstaatsvertrag (GlüNeuRStV) legalises online slots, table games and poker for the first time, it does not set out a tax rate.
Haucap's report noted it was important that tax 'does not make legal gambling so unattractive for players that they are driven to the illegal market'.
However, it argued, an 8% stake tax for slots would do just this.
'This stake tax massively jeopardises the goal of channeling gambling [to legal providers], because a turnover tax of 8% reduces the possible payout ratios,' it explained.
'Thus the attractiveness and competitiveness of the legal game is deteriorated so blatantly that many players would rather play in the illegal market.'.
Because of this, the German market may fail to meet its targets for channelisation, which would then mean player protection measures would be less effective.
It was also based on a misconception that there would be no growth in the offshore market, Haucap continued.
'The finance ministries' working group seems to assume that the volume of previously illegal gambling will not increase,' the report said. 'Based on data and experience from abroad, these assumptions are unrealistic and will prove to be incorrect.
'The range of online gambling offerings is huge and so the industry is very competitive.'
It added that the working group appears to have set a high tax for player protection reasons, in order to dissuade high levels of play. However, it continued, the State Treaty already included several other player protection measures such as a €1,000 monthly deposit limit across all operators and a €1 stake limit on slots.
Therefore using tax to limit addiction would have little additional effect, even before considering the effect on channelisation.
'A gambling stake tax does not lead to a fight against gambling addiction, but counteracts this goal,' the report said. 'In addition, it also significantly reduces the tax base and thus the tax revenue.'
The report also examined what an 8% stake tax would mean for slots in detail.
Looking at a game with a 96% return-to-player rate (RTP), it pointed out that in order for revenue to be the same with the tax as it would be before, the RTP would have to be reduced to 88%.
This, it said, would be 'noticeable' to the player, and 'will result in them relocating their gaming activities from the regulated to the non-regulated market'.
Those that continue to gamble with legal providers may end up depositing and losing more money instead in order to play for the same amount of time.
On the other hand, if the casino were to keep the RTP similar to before the tax, it would lose money from the game.
The report added that many casino games such as roulette and blackjack would face a similar problem, as again the tax would have an significant impact on the amount returned to players.
Haucap also argued that a stake tax for online poker would not make much sense, as the rake an operator takes from a game is only a small percentage of the total stakes in a game.
Instead of a turnover tax, the report concluded, tax should be based on gross revenue, and set between 15% and 20%.
'This is the only way to achieve a high channeling rate with high tax revenue at the same time,' the report said.
Star Casino Turnover
It pointed out that revenue-based taxes are the norm across Europe, with an average rate of 19%.
Casino Turnover
The treaty has already been ratified by the Minister-Presidents of Germany's 16 federal states.
Casino Turnover Meaning
In addition, 13 of the 16 state legislatures must also approve the agreement, but states have already set up a transitional structure, whereby operators may offer online sports betting, poker and slots under the terms of the new treaty until it becomes law.